A supercomputer is a computer that performs at or near the highest operational rate for computers. It is a high-performance computer that can perform billions and trillions of calculations or computations per second. Supercomputers are used for computationally intensive tasks in various fields, including quantum mechanics, weather forecasting, climate research, oil and gas exploration, molecular modeling, and physical simulations. They are also used to simulate experiments that might be too costly, dangerous, or even impossible to conduct in real life. Supercomputers are made up of interconnects, I/O systems, memory, and processor cores. They use more than one central processing unit (CPU) and contain tens of thousands of processors. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS). Supercomputers consume lots of power and generate so much heat that they need to be stored in cooling systems. They are often used to run artificial intelligence programs because AI programs require high-performance computing that supercomputers offer.