A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that work together according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. It is characterized by boundaries, structure, purpose, and functioning, and is influenced by its environment

. Systems can consist of physical components, processes, people, or abstract elements that are interconnected and interdependent, working toward a common purpose

. Systems vary in complexity:

• Simple systems have straightforward, repeatable processes (e.g., a recipe)

• Complicated systems involve many parts and processes but can be understood and replicated with manuals or procedures (e.g., a rocket)

• Complex systems have unpredictable outcomes and require adaptive learning (e.g., raising children)

In essence, a system is an organized whole where the behavior and interaction of parts produce outcomes that cannot be achieved by the parts alone. It can be physical (like a computer or power system), biological (like the digestive system), or conceptual (like a classification system)

. Understanding a system involves recognizing its components, their relationships, and how they collectively fulfill the system's purpose. This understanding is crucial for making effective improvements or changes within the system