Testicular torsion is a painful condition that occurs when the testicle rotates, twisting the spermatic cord that brings blood to the scrotum. This twisting can cause a sudden and often severe pain and swelling, and if left untreated, it can lead to permanent damage to the testicle. Here are some key points about testicular torsion:

• Causes: Testicular torsion can occur due to an inherited trait that allows the testicle to rotate freely inside the scrotum, which often affects both testicles. It can also occur after strenuous exercise, while sleeping, or after an injury to the scrotum.

• Symptoms: Signs and symptoms of testicular torsion include sudden and severe pain in the scrotum, swelling, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

• Diagnosis: A doctor will examine the scrotum, testicles, abdomen, and groin and might test reflexes by rubbing or pinching the inside of the thigh. Imaging tests such as ultrasound may also be used to confirm the diagnosis.

• Treatment: Testicular torsion usually requires emergency surgery to untwist the testicle and restore blood flow to the area. If the blood supply doesnt return quickly, a healthcare provider may need to surgically remove the testicle.

Its important to seek immediate medical attention if you experience sudden and severe pain in the scrotum, as testicular torsion is a serious and painful condition that requires emergency care.