As of November 11, 2023, Israel is at war with Hamas, a conflict that followed a horrific rampage on October 7, 2023, in which militants from Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad launched attacks that killed more than 1,400 Israelis and took more than 240 hostage. Israeli forces have encircled Gaza City, cutting off the densely populated area from the rest of the world. Israel considers the “complete and united Jerusalem” its capital, while Palestinians claim East Jerusalem as the capital of a future Palestinian state. The internationally supported political solution to the broader conflict, endorsed in the past by both Israel and the Palestinian Authority, is a so-called “two-state solution.” That would establish Palestine as an independent state in Gaza and most of the West Bank, leaving. However, the situation is complex, and there are many factors at play. Israeli authorities have been accused of policies that repress Palestinians and privilege Jewish Israelis, and the Israeli blockade of Gaza has been described as illegal collective punishment. The conflict has been ongoing for decades, and there have been many attempts to broker peace, but a lasting solution has yet to be found.