The diaphragm is a muscle located below the lungs and is the major muscle of respiration. It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts rhythmically and continually, and most of the time, involuntarily. The diaphragm plays a critical role in the respiratory system. When you breathe in, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and flattens, moving down towards your abdomen. This movement creates a vacuum in your chest, allowing your chest to expand (get bigger) and pull in air. When you breathe out, your diaphragm relaxes and curves back up as your lungs push the air out.

In addition to helping you breathe, your diaphragm increases pressure inside your abdomen. This helps with other important functions, such as getting rid of your urine (pee) and feces (poop). It helps prevent acid reflux by putting pressure on your esophagus (food tube in your throat). Your esophagus and several nerves and blood vessels run through openings in the diaphragm.

The diaphragm is also used as a contraceptive method. It is a dome-shaped bowl made of thin, flexible silicone that sits over the cervix, the part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. It covers the cervix so sperm cant get in and fertilize an egg. For added protection, spermicide is put into the bowl of the diaphragm and along its edges before its inserted. The diaphragm is placed high into the vagina so it covers the cervix.

Some possible side effects of using a diaphragm as a contraceptive method include irritation of the vagina and surrounding skin or an allergic reaction from the spermicide, strong odors or vaginal discharge if the diaphragm is left in too long, an allergic reaction to the material in the diaphragm, a higher risk for urinary tract infections (UTIs), and toxic shock syndrome if the diaphragm is left in too long.