The electromagnetic spectrum is the entire range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, which are waves of energy composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that travel through space

. This spectrum spans a vast range of frequencies and wavelengths, from very long radio waves to extremely short gamma rays

. The spectrum is typically divided into several bands, ordered from low to high frequency (or equivalently from long to short wavelength). These bands include:

• Radio waves
• Microwaves
• Infrared radiation
• Visible light (the small portion detectable by the human eye)
• Ultraviolet radiation
• X-rays
• Gamma rays

Each type of electromagnetic wave has distinct properties, such as how it is produced, interacts with matter, and its practical applications. For example, radio waves are used in communication, microwaves in cooking, visible light allows us to see, ultraviolet light can cause chemical reactions, and X-rays are used in medical imaging

. All electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum but differ in energy and wavelength. Gamma rays have the highest energy and shortest wavelengths, while radio waves have the lowest energy and longest wavelengths

. In summary, the electromagnetic spectrum is the continuous range of electromagnetic radiation frequencies and wavelengths that includes all types of light and other electromagnetic waves encountered in nature and technology