An appropriations bill is a type of legislation in the United States Congress that appropriates federal funds to specific federal government departments, agencies, and programs). The money provides funding for operations, personnel, equipment, and activities. Appropriations bills are one part of a larger United States budget and spending process, and they are preceded in that process by the presidents budget proposal, congressional budget resolutions, and the 302(b) allocation). The U.S. Constitution gives Congress the power to make appropriations, stating that "No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of Appropriations made by Law..."). Regular appropriations bills have traditionally provided most of the federal governments annual funding).

The funding bill is a specific appropriations bill that provides funding for a particular area of government spending. For example, the fiscal year 2023 Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies funding bill provides discretionary funding of $25.5 billion for those areas. Other funding bills passed by the Senate in November 2023 include bills covering military construction and veterans affairs, transportation and housing, and agriculture. The funding bill is an important piece of legislation that determines how federal funds are allocated to specific government departments, agencies, and programs.