The G20, or Group of 20, is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 sovereign countries, the European Union, and the African Union. It was founded in 1999 in response to several world economic crises and works to address major issues related to the global economy, such as international financial stability, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development. The G20 is composed of most of the worlds largest economies finance ministries, including both industrialized and developing countries, and accounts for around 80% of gross world product (GWP), 75% of international trade, two-thirds of the global population, and 60% of the worlds land area.

The G20 consists of two parallel tracks: the Finance Track and the Sherpa Track. The Finance Track is for finance ministers and central bank governors to discuss international economic and financial issues, while the Sherpa Track is responsible for overseeing the negotiations that occur throughout the year, deliberating on the agenda for the summit, and coordinating the substantive work of the G20. The G20 Summit is held annually with a rotating presidency, and in 2023, India holds the presidency of the G20 from December 1, 2022, to November 30, 2023.

The G20 initially focused largely on broad macroeconomic issues, but it has since expanded its agenda to include trade, sustainable development, health, agriculture, energy, environment, climate change, and anti-corruption. The G20 has been credited with quick action during the global economic crisis, but it has struggled to achieve similar success on its goals of coordinating monetary and fiscal policies, achieving higher growth, and rooting out corruption and tax evasion.