The intifada is a term used to describe two Palestinian uprisings against Israel. The first intifada began in December 1987 and ended in September 1993 with the signing of the first Oslo Accords, which provided a framework for peace negotiations between Israel and the Palestinians. The second intifada, sometimes called the Al-Aqsa intifada, began in September 2000 and was much more violent than the first. It resulted in the death of more than 5,000 Palestinians and some 1,400 Israelis. The intifadas were motivated by collective Palestinian frustration over Israels military occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, as well as other factors such as Israeli land expropriation and settlement construction in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The first intifada was largely spontaneous and involved nonviolent actions like mass boycotts, civil disobedience, and Palestinians refusing to work jobs in Israel, as well as attacks on Israelis using rocks, Molotov cocktails, and occasionally firearms. The second intifada grew out of the collapse of the peace process in 2000 and was marked by a significant increase in violence. The intifadas had a significant impact on Israeli-Palestinian relations and created a new cadre of Palestinian leadership.