The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of physical objects, devices, and systems that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet or other communications networks. IoT devices are assigned an Internet Protocol (IP) address and can transfer data over a network. IoT technology is most synonymous with "smart home" products, including devices and appliances that support one or more common ecosystems and can be controlled via devices associated with that ecosystem, such as smartphones and smart speakers. IoT is also used in healthcare systems, known as the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), for medical and health-related purposes, data collection and analysis for research, and monitoring. The Internet of Battlefield Things (IoBT) is a project initiated and executed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) that focuses on the basic science related to the IoT that enhances the capabilities of Army soldiers. Industrial IoT (IIoT) refers to the application of IoT technology in industrial settings, especially with respect to instrumentation and control of sensors and devices that engage cloud technologies. IoT devices can be managed through a graphical user interface, such as a mobile application or website that can be used to register and control smart devices. Examples of IoT devices include connected cars, smartwatches, thermostats, and industrial devices such as sensors and equipment.