The Kodiak bear, also known as the Kodiak brown bear or the Alaskan brown bear, is a subspecies of the brown bear (Ursus arctos middendorffi) that inhabits the islands of the Kodiak Archipelago in southwest Alaska. It is one of the largest recognized subspecies or population of the brown bear, and one of the two largest bears alive today, the other being the polar bear. Kodiak bears are the largest bears in the world, with a large male standing over 10 feet tall when on his hind legs and weighing up to 1,500 pounds. Females are about 20% smaller and 30% lighter than males.

Kodiak bears are omnivores, using a variety of foods, and they spend more time eating grass, plants, and berries than meat. Fish are an important part of their diets, but few Kodiak bears expend the time or effort necessary to chase and kill mammals. Although generally solitary in nature, Kodiak bears often occur in large groups in concentrated feeding areas, and they have developed a complex language and social structure to express their feelings and avoid fights.

Kodiak bears have interacted with humans for centuries, especially hunters and other people in the rural coastal regions of the archipelago. The bears are hunted for sport and are encountered by hunters pursuing other species. Less frequently, Kodiak bears are killed by people whose property (such as livestock) or person are threatened. In recent history, there has been an increasing focus on conservation and protection of the Kodiak bear population as human activity in its range increases.