There are several factors that can cause diabetes, and the exact cause of most types of diabetes is unknown. However, the following are some of the most common causes of diabetes:

• Type 1 diabetes: This occurs when the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. Scientists think type 1 diabetes is caused by genes and environmental factors, such as viruses, that might trigger the disease.

• Type 2 diabetes: This is the most common form of diabetes and is caused by several factors, including lifestyle factors and genes. Overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity are some of the most common causes of type 2 diabetes.

• Gestational diabetes: This type of diabetes develops during pregnancy and is caused by the hormonal changes of pregnancy along with genetic and lifestyle factors.

• Genetic mutations, other diseases, damage to the pancreas, and certain medicines may also cause diabetes.

• Excess insulin: According to some sources, the real cause of diabetes is excess insulin, not excess blood sugar. High blood sugar is a symptom, but not the root cause. Insulin resistance sets in when our tissues become resistant to insulin, and the first organ to stop responding to insulin is the liver, followed by the muscles and eventually fat. The root of the problem is our diet, and eating a diet lower in carbohydrates, moving, and staying lean can help keep our tissues sensitive to insulin.

In summary, the main causes of diabetes vary by type and include genetic or environmental factors, lifestyle factors, hormonal changes, and other diseases or medications.