The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is a complex issue with many factors contributing to it. The conflict is over who gets what land and how its controlled. The roots of the conflict can be traced back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the birth of major nationalist movements among both Jews and Arabs, both geared towards attaining sovereignty for their people in the Middle East. The Balfour Declaration, issued by the British government in 1917 during the First World War, announced support for the establishment of a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine.

The primary issue at the core of the conflict is the question of land ownership and control. Israel is the worlds only Jewish state, located just east of the Mediterranean Sea, while Palestinians refer to the territory as Palestine and want to establish a state by that name on all or part of the same land. The conflict pits Israeli demands for security in what it has long regarded as a hostile region against Palestinian aspirations for a state of their own.

The conflict has been marked by violence and terrorism on both sides. Palestinian violence against Israeli civilians and military forces by Palestinian militants is referred to as terrorism by Israel, the United States, and the European Union. The motivations behind Palestinian violence against Israeli civilians are many, and not all violent Palestinian groups agree with each other on specifics. Nonetheless, a common motive is the desire to destroy Israel and replace it with a Palestinian Arab state.

The main issues that contribute to the conflict are:

• Land ownership and control: Israel and Palestine both claim the same land as their own, leading to disputes over borders and territory.

• Violence and terrorism: Violence and terrorism have been used by both sides to achieve their goals, leading to further conflict and tension.

• Religious factors: Religion plays a significant role in the conflict, with both Islam and Judaism laying claim to the same holy sites and territories.

• Refugees: The displacement of Palestinians during the creation of Israel in 1948, known as the Nakba, remains a contentious issue, with many Palestinians still seeking the right to return to their homes.

The primary approach to solving the conflict today is a so-called "two-state solution" that would establish Palestine as an independent state in Gaza and most of the West Bank, leaving the rest of the land to Israel. However, the two sides are still deeply divided on many issues, and the conflict remains unresolved.