In mathematics, the median is a measure of central tendency that represents the middle value of a dataset when arranged in order from smallest to largest or largest to smallest. It is the value that separates the lower half of the dataset from the upper half. To find the median, the data points are arranged in order, and if the number of data points is odd, the median is the middle data point in the list. If the number of data points is even, the median is the average of the two middle data points in the list. For example, the median of the dataset {3, 5, 7, 12, 13, 14, 21, 23, 23, 23, 23, 29, 39, 40, 56} is 23 because it is the middle value. If there are two middle values, the median is the average of those two values.