The median is a statistical measure that represents the middle value in a dataset. It is the value that separates the lower half of the data from the upper half. To find the median, the data points must first be arranged in order from smallest to largest. If the number of data points is odd, the median is the middle data point in the list. If the number of data points is even, the median is the average of the two middle data points in the list. The median is often used as a measure of central tendency in a dataset, along with the mean and mode.