A procedural text is a type of writing that provides step-by-step instructions on how to do or make something. It is also known as a procedure text. Examples of procedural texts include instruction manuals, recipes, safety procedures, and rulebooks. The purpose of a procedural text is to guide the reader through a process or procedure, ensuring that they can successfully complete the task or use the product in a safe and efficient manner.
The structure of a procedural text typically includes the following components:
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Goal/Aim: This is the starting point of a procedural text. It provides a clear statement of what the reader is trying to achieve by following the instructions. It gives context and purpose, helping the reader to understand why they are undertaking the task.
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Materials/Ingredients: This section lists all the materials or ingredients needed to complete the task.
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Steps: This is the heart of the procedural text as it outlines step-by-step the methodology to follow in the procedure itself. Each step is usually written in a clear and concise manner, using imperative language (commands). It’s vital that these steps are easy to understand and follow, as any ambiguity or complexity can lead to confusion or mistakes.
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Conclusion: This section offers guidance to the reader on how they can evaluate the success of the procedure that has been followed. Depending on the type of text in question, illustrations can often be used to reinforce what a successfully followed procedure will look like.
The language features of a procedural text include the use of adverbials of sequence and temporal conjunctions (e.g., first, second, third, last) to indicate the order of the steps. The simple present tense is also commonly used to make the action immediate and relevant.
When writing a procedural text, it is important to use terms and language that are appropriate for the intended audience. Headings can also be used to keep readers on track and make the text easier to follow.
