According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) conducted from 2015-16, the sex ratio of the total population (females per 1,000 males) in India was 991, with an urban ratio of 956 and a rural ratio of 1,009. However, the sex ratio at birth in India has been estimated via a number of methods and data sets including the decennial censuses, the Civil Registration System, the Sample Registration System, and the Health Management Information System. According to a Pew Research Center analysis of United Nations estimates, during the two decades between 2000 and 2020, India on average had one of the world’s most skewed sex ratios at birth, after Azerbaijan, China, Armenia, Vietnam, and Albania. Nonetheless, the sex ratio at birth appears to have normalized slightly over the last decade, narrowing to about 109 in the 2015-16 wave of the National Family Health Survey and to 108 boys in the latest wave of the NFHS, conducted from 2019-21.

It is important to note that the sex ratio in India varies by region. For example, between 2018 to 2020, India recorded a gender ratio of approximately 907 women to every one thousand men. According to the latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data, released by the Indian government recently, there are now 1,020 women for every 1,000 men. However, experts advise caution while interpreting the data, as the survey covers only about 630,000 of Indias 300 million households, and say the real picture will emerge only once we get the census data.

In summary, the sex ratio in India varies depending on the region and the method of estimation. The sex ratio of the total population in India was 991 in 2015-16, with an urban ratio of 956 and a rural ratio of 1,009. The sex ratio at birth in India has been skewed in the past, but it appears to have normalized slightly over the last decade.