Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses quantitatively the attribute of hotness or coldness

. It is measured with a thermometer and reflects the kinetic energy of the vibrating and colliding atoms making up a substance

. Temperature is commonly measured in various temperature scales, including Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), and Kelvin (K), with the latter being used predominantly for scientific purposes

. The temperature can be different depending on the location and time, and it can be measured for various purposes, such as weather forecasting, scientific research, and industrial processes