The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle, is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. It describes how water circulates through different states-liquid, solid (ice), and gas (vapor)-and between various reservoirs such as oceans, rivers, soil, atmosphere, and glaciers

Key Processes of the Water Cycle

• Evaporation: The Sun’s heat causes water from oceans, lakes, rivers, and other water bodies to turn into water vapor and rise into the atmosphere

• Transpiration: Water vapor also enters the atmosphere from plants releasing moisture through their leaves

• Condensation: As water vapor rises and cools in the atmosphere, it changes back into liquid droplets, forming clouds

• Precipitation: When clouds become heavy with water, they release it as rain, snow, hail, or sleet back to the Earth's surface

• Runoff and Infiltration: Precipitated water either flows over the ground surface into bodies of water (runoff) or soaks into the soil to replenish groundwater (infiltration)

Importance of the Water Cycle

The water cycle is vital because it distributes fresh water necessary for all living organisms. It supports ecosystems, agriculture, and human consumption. It also plays a key role in Earth's climate system by transferring heat and regulating weather patterns

Summary

In essence, the water cycle is a never-ending process powered by the Sun’s energy, cycling water through evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and runoff/infiltration. This cycle ensures the continuous renewal and movement of Earth’s water, sustaining life and shaping the environment