The white substance commonly seen on babies when they are born is called vernix caseosa. This is a natural, creamy, waxy coating that covers the skin of newborns during the final weeks of pregnancy and is usually still present at birth.
What Is Vernix Caseosa?
Vernix caseosa is made up of water, lipids (fats), and proteins, giving it a thick, cheese-like texture. It forms on a baby's skin starting around the second trimester of pregnancy and acts as a barrier to protect their delicate skin from being damaged or excessively softened by constant exposure to amniotic fluid while in the womb.
Functions and Benefits
- Serves as a natural moisturizer for the baby's skin.
- Protects against chapping or infection right after birth.
- Helps to regulate the baby's temperature in the first few hours after delivery.
- Contains immune proteins that can help shield the newborn from some bacteria.
Vernix caseosa naturally wears off soon after birth, but in some cases, a baby may be left with visible patches, especially if they are born a little earlier than expected.
Other White Substances in Newborns
Besides vernix, newborns can sometimes have tiny white bumps on their skin called milia, which are harmless cysts caused by trapped skin cells. These look like small white dots, most often on the nose or cheeks, and are distinct from the thick, creamy vernix.
In summary, the white stuff on most newborns at birth is vernix caseosa, a protective coating with important health benefits.
