TMJ stands for Temporomandibular Joint, which is the jaw joint located in front of each ear. These joints connect the lower jawbone (mandible) to the temporal bones of the skull. The TMJs work together as a unit and allow the jaw to move in three dimensions: up and down, side to side, and forward and back. This joint is essential for functions like talking, chewing, kissing, and even breathing. The TMJ is a complex joint involving a soft tissue disc between the condyle (the rounded upper end of the mandible) and the joint socket on the skull, which absorbs shock from movements such as chewing. It is considered the most complicated joint in the body due to its synchronized and multi-dimensional movements. Problems with this joint and the muscles controlling it are called Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs), often referred to simply as TMJ disorders. These disorders can cause pain, difficulty moving the jaw, clicking or popping sounds, headaches, earaches, and other symptoms affecting the face, neck, and shoulders. The condition can be temporary or chronic and can significantly impact daily life. Causes include injury, arthritis, muscle strain, or stress-related habits like teeth clenching and grinding. In summary, TMJ refers specifically to the jaw joint, while TMD is the term for disorders or dysfunctions of this joint and surrounding muscles.