A turbo engine in cars is an internal combustion engine that uses a turbocharger device to improve its performance and efficiency. A turbocharger is a forced induction device that compresses the intake air, forcing more air into the engine to produce more power for a given displacement. The turbocharger is connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine, and exhaust gases flow through it, spinning the turbines within. The turbines then suck air into the compressor, which forces the air into the engines cylinders. The more air passing through the cylinders, the more power the engine can produce.

A turbo engine works like any other internal combustion engine, but with extra compressed air fed through the turbocharger to the engine cylinders. This phenomenon is also called forced induction of air into the combustion chamber. Turbocharged engines can have up to 50% more air flowing through them than traditional engines, which means they can be smaller but still produce the same amount of power.

Turbo engines can be petrol or diesel engines. A turbo-petrol engine is a petrol internal combustion engine fitted with a turbocharger, which makes it more powerful and efficient than larger capacity naturally aspirated petrol engines. A turbocharged diesel or turbo-diesel is an internal combustion engine with a turbocharger assisting in providing compressed air for better combustion. Turbo-diesel engines produce more power and are also fuel-efficient at the same time.

Turbos operate at incredibly high pressures and temperatures, so they are usually accompanied by an intercooler and oil cooler. The intercooler cools the hot air coming out of the turbo, and the oil cooler makes sure the turbos lubricant doesnt overheat.

In summary, a turbo engine in cars is an internal combustion engine that uses a turbocharger device to improve its performance and efficiency. The turbocharger compresses the intake air, forcing more air into the engine to produce more power for a given displacement. Turbo engines can be petrol or diesel engines, and they are usually accompanied by an intercooler and oil cooler to manage the high pressures and temperatures.