Vaginal atrophy, also known as atrophic vaginitis or vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), is a condition where the vaginal walls become thin, dry, and inflamed due to a decrease in estrogen levels. It is most common in women who are postmenopausal, but it can also occur in younger women and people assigned female at birth (AFAB) when their estrogen levels decrease due to cancer treatment or having their ovaries removed. Symptoms of vaginal atrophy include vaginal dryness, itching, burning, pain during sex, discomfort or bleeding during or after sex, decreased vaginal lubrication during sexual activity, shortening and tightening of the vaginal canal, and frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) . Doctors use the term "genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)" to describe vaginal atrophy and its accompanying symptoms because it causes both vaginal and urinary symptoms.

Vaginal atrophy is a serious condition that affects the quality of life of those who experience it. It can cause discomfort, frequent bathroom trips, frequent UTIs, burning, pain with sex, and more. Fortunately, there are many treatments available, including hormone replacement therapy tablets, topical estrogen in the form of pessaries, vaginal estrogen therapy, vaginal rings, vaginal creams, and over-the-counter moisturizers or lubricants. Sexual activity, with or without a partner, can also help ease the symptoms of vaginal atrophy by increasing blood flow to the vagina and making the vaginal tissues more elastic. It is important to seek treatment and not be afraid to have a conversation with your healthcare provider and partner(s) .