Mold spores are constantly present in the air and can stay in the air indefinitely, making it difficult to eliminate them completely. However, there are several household cleaners that can effectively kill mold spores on surfaces. Here are some effective ways to kill mold spores:

• Bleach: Bleach is a potent biocide that can kill mold on hard, non-porous surfaces. It reacts with water to form hypochlorous acid, which kills mold by denaturing proteins, inactivating enzymes, disrupting nucleic acids, and destroying other cellular components.

• Vinegar: Vinegar is a mild acid that can kill 82% of mold species. Its often used as a natural and non-toxic alternative to cleaning chemicals when it comes to killing household mold. Cleaning vinegar, which contains 6% acetic acid, is the best type for killing mold. White vinegar containing 5% acidity will also work just fine.

• Tea tree oil: Tea tree oil is an antifungal that is capable of killing all types of mold. It is more expensive than other options, but a small amount goes a long way in removing mold. Make sure the tea tree oil you purchase to remove mold is derived from the Melaleuca Alternifolia.

• Hydrogen peroxide: Hydrogen peroxide kills mold spores on contact by breaking down proteins and DNA. It’s normally used to clean mold on porous and non-porous surfaces. Ionized hydrogen peroxide can kill mold spores in the air, but it requires the use of a special fogging machine.

• Ammonia: Ammonia is a strong cleaning agent that can kill mold on non-porous surfaces. However, it should not be used on porous surfaces as it can cause discoloration and damage.

Its important to note that while these cleaners can be effective in killing mold, they are only efficient when you recognize the first signs of mold growth and manage to prevent its development. In addition to eliminating the mold you see, you must also eliminate the source of the moisture that allowed its appearance in the first place.