Luke Skywalker is from the planet Tatooine. He was born on the asteroid field of Polis Massa, two days after the proclamation of the Galactic Empire. After the death of his mother, Padmé Amidala, and the fall of the Republic, Obi-Wan Kenobi brought the newborn Luke to the Lars farm on Tatooine, where he was raised by his uncle and aunt, Owen and Beru Lars. Tatooine is a desert world known for its lawlessness and moisture farming. Anakin Skywalker, Lukes father, also grew up on Tatooine.
It is worth noting that in the movie "Star Wars: The Last Jedi," Luke Skywalker is found on the planet Ahch-To, where he had gone into exile. However, this is not his home planet.