Humans belong to the species Homo sapiens. They are primates within the family of great apes, characterized by features such as hairlessness, bipedality (walking on two legs), and advanced cognitive abilities. Homo sapiens is the only surviving species of the genus Homo, which includes several extinct species known as archaic humans, like Homo neanderthalensis (Neanderthals) and Homo erectus. Modern humans (Homo sapiens) emerged roughly 300,000 years ago in Africa and have since spread globally, exhibiting high social complexity and technological advancement. Humans are part of the biological group called hominids, within the superfamily Hominoidea that encompasses great apes including chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans.