The conflict between Palestine and Israel has a long history that dates back to the late 19th century when Zionists sought to establish a homeland for the Jewish people in Ottoman-controlled Palestine. The following are some of the key events that led to the conflict:

• United Nations Resolution 181: In 1947, the United Nations adopted Resolution 181, known as the Partition Plan, which sought to divide the British Mandate of Palestine into Arab and Jewish states. On May 14, 1948, the State of Israel was created, sparking the first Arab-Israeli War.

• Arab-Israeli War of 1948: The United Nations resolution sparked conflict between Jewish and Arab groups within Palestine. Fighting began with attacks by irregular bands of Palestinian Arabs attached to local units of the Arab Liberation Army composed of volunteers from Palestine and neighboring Arab countries. These groups launched their attacks against Jewish cities, settlements, and armed forces. After Israel declared its independence on May 14, 1948, the fighting intensified with other Arab forces joining the Palestinian Arabs in attacking territory in the former Palestinian mandate.

• 1967 Six-Day War: In 1967, Israel launched what it said was a pre-emptive defensive war against Jordan, Egypt, and Syria, as they appeared to be preparing to invade. The attack caught Arab governments by surprise and saw Israel achieve rapid victories, including seizing the Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza Strip from Egypt, the Golan Heights from Syria, and the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan.

• Yom Kippur War: In 1973, Egypt and Syria launched a surprise two-front attack on Israel to regain their lost territory. The war ended in a ceasefire and the signing of a peace treaty between Israel and Egypt in 1979.

The conflict has continued to escalate over the years, with both sides engaging in violent clashes and attacks. The roots of the conflict can be traced to the rise of national movements, including Zionism and Arab nationalism, and the international communitys decision to establish a "national home" in Palestine for Jewish people.