Various types of cancer can cause low hemoglobin levels by destroying or preventing the production of healthy red blood cells, interfering with the absorption of iron, or causing significant inflammation that leads to bone marrow suppression. Some of the notable associations include leukemia, lymphoma, kidney cancer, cervical cancer, gastrointestinal cancers, and multiple myeloma. Leukemia and lymphoma are cancers that affect the bone marrow, disrupting the bodys process for making red blood cells. Colon cancer and stomach cancer can also sometimes cause anemia by destroying or preventing red blood cell production. In addition, cancers such as non-Hodgkins lymphoma or hairy cell leukemia increase the risk of anemia further. Therefore, it is essential to talk to a doctor if there are any signs or symptoms of cancer to get proper treatment.