what type of rocket engine is used to maneuver

what type of rocket engine is used to maneuver

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There are several types of rocket engines used for maneuvering spacecraft in space. Some of the most commonly used engines are:

  • Thrusters: These are small, lightweight engines that provide low levels of thrust. They are primarily used for making small adjustments to a spacecrafts position or velocity. Thrusters use a propellant, such as hydrazine, which is expelled at high speeds to generate thrust. They are highly efficient and allow for precise control, making them ideal for delicate maneuvers.

  • Reaction Control System (RCS) engines: RCS engines work in conjunction with thrusters to provide even greater control over a spacecrafts movements. Unlike thrusters, RCS engines use compressed gases, such as nitrogen or helium, to generate thrust. These engines are typically mounted in different locations around the spacecraft, allowing for multi-directional control. RCS engines are particularly useful for rotational maneuvers and maintaining spacecraft attitude.

  • Vernier thrusters: These are rocket engines used on a spacecraft for fine adjustments to the attitude or velocity of a spacecraft. They are used for vehicle maneuvering because the main engine is fixed in place. Vernier rockets are seldom used in new designs due to their weight and the extra plumbing required for their operation.

  • Orbital Maneuvering System (OMS): This is a system of hypergolic liquid-propellant rocket engines used on the Space Shuttle and the Orion MPCV. The system allowed the orbiter to perform various orbital maneuvers according to the requirements of each mission profile, such as orbital injection after main engine cutoff, orbital corrections during flight, and the final deorbit burn for reentry. The OMS consisted of several engines, including the OMS engine, aft primary RCS engines, and aft vernier RCS engines.

In addition to these engines, there are also electric propulsion systems and hybrid rocket engines used for maneuvering spacecraft in space.

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