Crazy Horse was a Lakota war leader of the Oglala band in the 19th century who fought against encroachment by white American settlers on Native American territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people. He was born in or near the Black Hills of South Dakota, probably in 1840, and was known as Curley Hair as a young boy before being renamed Horse On account of his bravery and prowess in battle. Crazy Horse was a full-fledged warrior by his mid-teens and rode into battle with a single hawk feather in his hair, a rock behind his ear, and a lightning symbol on his face. He was known for his aloofness, shyness, modesty, and lonesomeness, as well as his generosity to the poor, the elderly, and children. Crazy Horse participated in numerous battles between the Lakota and their traditional enemies, the Crow, Shoshone, and others. He was a key figure in the Sioux resistance to U.S. plans to construct a road to the goldfields in Montana and led his followers to unceded buffalo country, where they continued to hunt, fish, and wage war against enemy tribes as well as whites. Crazy Horse was fatally wounded by a military guard while allegedly resisting imprisonment at Camp Robinson in present-day Nebraska in September 1877, four months after surrendering to US troops.