A treaty is a formal and legally binding agreement between two or more parties, usually involving at least one sovereign state. In the context of Indigenous peoples in Australia, a treaty would be a negotiated agreement between the Australian government and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. The absence of a treaty is one of the major challenges facing the Treaty debate in Australia. Without a history of treaty-making, the concept of what a treaty is or involves remains vague for many people, including government. A treaty would acknowledge Indigenous peoples as a distinct political community different from other Australians, recognizing their inherent sovereignty. It would also involve both sides committing to responsibilities, promises, and principles that bind the parties in an ongoing relationship of mutual obligation and shared responsibility. A treaty would provide for some degree of self-government, although the specifics of what this would look like would depend on the negotiations between the parties. A treaty would also include a range of other elements, such as financial compensation, truth-telling, and healing. The Path to Treaty benefits all Queenslanders by building a shared understanding of the past, so we can build a strong and equal future that is based on respect.