Termites typically swarm once a year when the colony reaches maximum capacity and conditions are right for reproduction and expansion. The timing of termite swarms varies by species and region but generally follows these patterns:

• Subterranean termites : Most swarm in the spring and early summer months, often on a warm day with calm winds after rainfall. For example, in southeastern North Carolina, the swarm season is from March through May, with peak activity in that period. They typically swarm during daylight hours, usually mid-morning to early afternoon. Some subterranean termites swarm when certain trees bloom, such as during dogwood blooming.

• Drywood termites : Tend to swarm in late summer or early fall, typically from August through November. Their swarms are usually smaller and may be less noticeable, but you might see discarded wings near windows after the swarm.

• Dampwood termites : Usually swarm in the summer, but they are less common and less of a concern because they rarely infest homes.

Swarming is often triggered by warm temperatures, high humidity, recent rainfall, and low wind conditions. It serves as a reproductive behavior where winged termites (alates) leave the nest to pair off and start new colonies. Seeing termite swarms near your home usually indicates a well-established colony nearby that may require professional inspection and treatment.

In summary, termite swarming seasons vary but commonly occur:

• Spring to early summer (March to May) for subterranean termites
• Late summer to fall (August to November) for drywood termites
• Summer for dampwood termites

These are the times when termites leave their original colony to reproduce and establish new colonies.