Hand antiseptics should be used primarily after proper handwashing has been completed. They are effective in killing bacteria and some viruses on clean hands but are not a substitute for washing hands with soap and water. Hand antiseptics are particularly recommended when soap and water are not readily available, such as before and after visiting someone in a hospital or nursing home, or in clinical settings to minimize infection spread. Hand antiseptics should not be used if hands are visibly dirty or greasy, as they are ineffective in removing dirt or organic material. They are also not recommended for use on burns, wounds, or injuries. For proper use, alcohol- based hand sanitizers should contain at least 60% alcohol and be rubbed thoroughly on all hand surfaces until dry, which takes about 20 seconds. In food service, hand antiseptics are used only after handwashing, and if the antiseptics do not meet FDA criteria, their use should be followed by rinsing or wearing gloves before hand contact with food. To summarize:

• Use hand antiseptics after washing hands or when soap and water are unavailable.
• Do not use if hands are visibly dirty.
• Use alcohol-based sanitizers with at least 60% alcohol.
• Apply thoroughly and let hands dry.
• Use in healthcare and food service settings to prevent infection spread.
• Avoid use on open wounds or skin injuries.

These guidelines ensure effective protection against germs while maintaining hygiene standards.