Bulgaria is a country located in Southeast Europe, occupying the eastern portion of the Balkan Peninsula. It borders Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east

. Its geographic coordinates are approximately 43° N latitude and 25° E longitude

. The country covers an area of about 110,994 square kilometers (42,855 square miles) and features diverse topography including plains, mountains, and a coastline along the Black Sea

. The capital city is Sofia, situated near the geographic center of the Balkan region and western Bulgaria

. In summary, Bulgaria lies in southeastern Europe on the Balkan Peninsula, bordered by five countries and the Black Sea, with Sofia as its capital