Gaza, also known as the Gaza Strip, is a small Palestinian territory located in the Middle East along the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Israel to the north and east, Egypt to the southwest, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Gaza is about 25 miles (40 kilometers) long and 6 to 10 kilometers wide, covering an area of roughly 140 square miles (365 square kilometers). The territory is densely populated, with over 2 million residents, many of whom are Palestinian refugees. Gaza's largest city and capital is Gaza City, situated on the Mediterranean coast. This region is one of the most densely populated areas in the world and has a complex political and historical background related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.