Chess was invented in India, evolving from the game chaturanga around the 6th–7th century CE in the Indian subcontinent. Shampoo originated in the Indian subcontinent as well, with early hair-washing preparations from Ayurvedic traditions and the word “shampoo” derived from Hindi; modern commercial forms developed later in Europe in the late 19th–early 20th centuries.

Chess

• Most historians trace chess to chaturanga in India by the 6th–7th century CE, featuring piece differentiation and a king-centered victory condition that carried into modern chess.

• The early game was played on an 8×8 ashtāpada board and spread from India to Persia (as shatranj) before reaching the Islamic world and medieval Europe, where rules further evolved into today’s chess.

Shampoo

• Hair-cleansing mixtures originated in South Asia, where Ayurvedic practices used plants like soapnuts and Indian gooseberry; the English word “shampoo” comes from the Hindi cā̃pō/champi, meaning to knead or massage, introduced to Europe via colonial contact in the 18th century.

• The practice evolved into modern formulations in Europe, with commercial powder and liquid shampoos emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, building on the South Asian concept and term.