Napoleon was exiled twice during his lifetime:

• First, after his abdication in 1814, he was exiled to the island of Elba, a small Mediterranean island off the Tuscan coast. There, he was made sovereign but escaped in February 1815 to return to power briefly in France

• After his final defeat at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815, Napoleon surrendered to the British and was exiled to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean. This island was about 1,870 km from the west coast of Africa and was chosen because of its isolation, making escape nearly impossible. He arrived there in October 1815 and remained until his death in 1821

On Saint Helena, he lived under strict British guard at Longwood House, a damp and unhealthy residence, until his death from stomach cancer at age 51

. In summary, Napoleon was exiled first to Elba and finally to Saint Helena, where he died in captivity