The effects of bullying behavior extend beyond the immediate victim and impact the bully, the victim, bystanders, and the broader social environment. Bullying causes severe emotional, psychological, social, and academic harm.

Effects on the Victim

• Bullying can lead to lower self-esteem, depression, anxiety, loneliness, and feelings of shame or embarrassment.
• It may cause physical symptoms like stress-induced sickness and changes in eating or sleeping habits.
• Victims often experience academic challenges including poor performance, absenteeism, and difficulty concentrating.
• Long-term effects can include PTSD, self-harm, substance use, and suicidal ideation.

Effects on the Bully

• Bullies are at higher risk for social and behavioral issues, substance use, and difficulties in maintaining relationships.
• They may also face difficulties in academic and occupational settings and engage in aggressive or antisocial behaviors.

Effects on Bystanders

• Witnesses may feel fear, guilt, and anxiety, and this can impact their school attendance and mental health.

Social Impact

• Bullying creates a culture of fear, disrupts social connections, and can affect entire school communities and families.

In summary, bullying behavior has complex, far-reaching consequences affecting mental health, academic performance, and social well-being for everyone involved, not just the targeted individual.