The nineteenth-century Chinese summer robe pictured was created using the process of embroidery. This is evidenced by the intricate designs and counted stitch techniques used to decorate the silk gauze fabric, which was common in elaborate Qing Dynasty robes for summer wear. Silk gauze, an open weave suitable for summer, was embroidered with popular floral motifs such as orchids, symbolizing elegance and nobility. The robe's fabric was likely made from silk threads woven on looms, with additional embroidery applied post- weaving to achieve detailed and decorative patterns. This combination of woven silk fabric and embroidery was typical for high-quality Chinese robes of that period, especially for summer garments that required a lighter, breathable textile base embellished with intricate stitched designs.