Shampoo was invented through a long evolution with multiple contributors. The word "shampoo" itself comes from the Hindi word "cā̃po," meaning to press or massage. The practice of shampooing was introduced to England by Sake Dean Mahomed in 1814, who established the first commercial "shampooing" vapor bath combining Indian hair massage techniques with steam baths. The first liquid shampoo was created by Josef Wilhelm Rausch in 1900. Later, in 1927, Hans Schwarzkopf, a German chemist, launched the first commercial liquid shampoo, which was a powder that transformed hair care. Finally, the synthetic detergent-based shampoo as known today was invented by Procter & Gamble in 1934 with the introduction of their product Drene, which was soap-free and closer to modern shampoo formulas.