Wicked was originally written as a novel by Gregory Maguire and later adapted into a hit Broadway musical with music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz and a book by Winnie Holzman.

The Novel

• The novel, titled "Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West," was written by Gregory Maguire and published in 1995.

• Maguire explored the backstory of the Wicked Witch of the West, reimagining her as Elphaba and addressing themes like the nature of evil and societal bias.

The Musical

• The Broadway musical adaptation premiered in 2003.

• Composer and lyricist Stephen Schwartz created the score, with Winnie Holzman writing the script (libretto).

• The original Broadway production starred Idina Menzel as Elphaba and Kristin Chenoweth as Glinda.

Film Adaptations

• The story was later produced as a film, directed by Jon M. Chu, with the screenplay by Winnie Holzman and Dana Fox.

In summary, Gregory Maguire created the original story as a novel, and the musical adaptation was made by Stephen Schwartz (music/lyrics) and Winnie Holzman (script).