Whole numbers are closed under the operations of addition and multiplication. This means that if you take any two whole numbers and either add or multiply them, the result will always be a whole number

. However, whole numbers are not closed under subtraction and division. For subtraction, subtracting a larger whole number from a smaller one can result in a negative number, which is not a whole number. For division, dividing two whole numbers does not always yield a whole number, especially when the divisor is not a factor of the dividend or when dividing by zero, which is undefined

. In summary:

• Closed operations for whole numbers: Addition, Multiplication
• Not closed operations for whole numbers: Subtraction, Division