Swollen gums can be caused by several factors, the most common being gingivitis, which is gum inflammation usually due to poor oral hygiene leading to plaque buildup. Other causes include hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy), vitamin deficiencies (especially vitamins B and C), infections (bacterial, viral, or fungal), and trauma from incorrect brushing or dental appliances. Sometimes swollen gums can also result from conditions like tooth abscesses or certain systemic health issues. If the gums are swollen, red, sensitive, or bleed easily, it is important to consult a dental professional for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Common Causes of Swollen Gums

• Gingivitis (gum disease caused by plaque and tartar buildup)
• Hormonal changes (e.g., pregnancy)
• Vitamin deficiencies (especially vitamin C and B)
• Oral infections (herpes, thrush)
• Trauma or poor oral hygiene habits
• Dental abscess or tooth infection

Swollen gums usually indicate inflammation or infection and are often a warning sign of underlying dental issues that need professional care.