School exists for several core reasons that collectively support individuals and society:

• Academic foundations: Schools provide literacy, numeracy, and subject knowledge (science, history, arts) that equip people to understand the world and participate in further learning and work. This builds a common language and base of facts necessary for advancement.

• Social and emotional development: Beyond academics, school functions as a social environment where students learn collaboration, communication, problem-solving, empathy, and how to navigate group dynamics. These social skills are essential in almost all aspects of life and work.

• Civic and societal functions: Schools help prepare citizens who can contribute to communities, abide by norms and laws, and engage in the workforce. They often provide structure for care and supervision during the day, supporting families and economic activity.

• Access to opportunities: A structured education often opens pathways to higher education, better job prospects, and informed decision-making, which can improve individuals’ life chances and long-term well-being.

• Social integration and equity: Schools can promote exposure to diverse peers and ideas, fostering understanding and reducing social segregation, while also offering supports for students who need extra help.

If you’d like, I can tailor this to a particular context (e.g., history, philosophy of education, or a specific country’s system) and include concise evidence or examples.