Alan Turing and John McCarthy were leading scientists in the field of computer science, particularly in the development of artificial intelligence.

Computer science

Alan Turing is widely regarded as a founder of modern computer science for his work on the concept of a universal computing machine and early stored-program computer design.

John McCarthy was an American computer scientist who helped formalize computer science as an academic discipline through his work on programming languages and theoretical computation.

Artificial intelligence

Turing’s work on machine reasoning and the test for machine intelligence strongly influenced later research in artificial intelligence.

McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence,” created the Lisp programming language, and organized the 1956 Dartmouth conference that is often considered the formal birth of AI as a field.