Dogs can eat peanut butter safely as a treat, but it must be free of xylitol, an artificial sweetener that is highly toxic to dogs and can be fatal even in small amounts. Peanut butter should be given in moderation due to its high fat and calorie content, and it is best to choose natural peanut butter without added salt, sugar, or oils. Dogs with certain conditions like kidney problems or those overweight should avoid peanut butter. It can be used as a training treat, an entertaining distraction in toys like Kongs, or to help calm dogs during stressful activities. Always check the label to ensure no xylitol or harmful additives are present before giving peanut butter to dogs.