Human resources (HR) refers to the collective knowledge, skills, abilities, and motivations of the people working in an organization. It is often described as one of the most valuable assets of a company and encompasses the workforce itself as well as the department responsible for managing that workforce. HR involves recruiting, hiring, training, employee development, benefits administration, compliance with labor laws, performance management, and fostering a positive workplace culture. The term can refer both to the employees as a resource and to the organizational function that supports these workers and aligns their efforts with company goals.

In summary, human resources covers:

• The employees as a key intangible asset of an organization (their knowledge, skills, motivation).
• The functions and department that manage these employees through recruitment, training, benefits, compliance, and organizational development.
• A strategic role in ensuring that employees are effectively utilized to contribute to the success of the company.