Herpes is transmitted primarily through direct skin-to-skin contact with an area where the herpes virus is present. This can include contact with sores, but transmission is also possible when no sores are visible due to asymptomatic viral shedding. It commonly spreads through kissing, oral sex, vaginal sex, and anal sex, depending on whether the infection is oral herpes (HSV-1) or genital herpes (HSV-2 or HSV-1).

Key Points on Herpes Transmission

• Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is passed through direct contact with infected skin or mucous membranes (mouth, genitals, anus).
• Oral herpes (usually HSV-1) spreads through kissing, sharing items like lip balm or silverware, and oral sex.
• Genital herpes (usually HSV-2, but sometimes HSV-1) spreads mostly via vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
• Transmission can occur even when no visible sores are present, due to asymptomatic viral shedding.
• The virus enters through tiny breaks in the skin or mucous membranes.
• Mothers can transmit herpes to their baby during childbirth if they have an active infection.
• Herpes is not spread through casual contact like toilet seats, towels, or swimming pools.

This explains how herpes is contracted and highlights the importance of avoiding direct contact with infected areas, especially during active outbreaks or if early symptoms like tingling or burning are present.