There were 139 recognized residential schools in Canada as per the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA). This number includes the original 130 schools plus additional ones added later, but it excludes some schools that operated without federal support. Residential schools existed in almost all provinces and territories except Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, and Newfoundland and Labrador (though there were residential schools in Newfoundland and Labrador that were not included in the original settlement). The last federally recognized residential school closed in 1997. At the peak, there were about 80 residential schools operating simultaneously in 1931 across Canada. These schools were part of a federal system aimed at assimilating Indigenous children by separating them from their families and cultures.