what are the 11 fundamental duties

what are the 11 fundamental duties

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There are 11 fundamental duties in India, which are written in Part IV-A of the Constitution, to be obeyed by every Indian citizen. The fundamental duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, and the 86th Amendment in 2002 added the 11th Fundamental Duty to the list. The list of 11 Fundamental Duties under Article 51-A to be obeyed by every Indian citizen are:

  1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
  2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
  3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
  4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
  5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
  6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
  7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures.
  8. To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
  9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
  10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.
  11. To provide opportunities for education to children between 6-14 years of age, and duty as parents to ensure that such opportunities are being awarded to their child.
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